Aluminium (Al) waa bir aan bir ahayn oo walxaheeda kiimikaad ay yihiin kuwo dabiici ah meel kasta.Khayraadka aluminium ee tectonics saxan waa qiyaastii 40-50 bilyan oo tan, kaalinta saddexaad kaliya ka dib ogsijiinta iyo silicon.Waa nooca ugu sarreeya ee walxaha birta ah ee nooca birta ah.Aluminiumku wuxuu leeyahay sifooyin kiimiko ah oo dabiici ah oo gaar ah iyo sifooyin kiimiko kiimiko ah, kuwaas oo aan miisaankoodu fududayn oo keliya, laakiin sidoo kale ku xooggan walxaha.Waxay kaloo leedahay caag wanaagsan.Korantada korantada, wareejinta kulaylka, iska caabbinta heerkulka iyo iska caabbinta shucaaca ayaa ah waxyaabaha aasaasiga ah ee aasaasiga ah ee horumarka degdega ah ee bulshada iyo dhaqaalaha.
Aluminiumku waa curiyaha kiimikaad ee ugu badan ee dhulka, waxa ku jirana waxa ay ugu horeeyaan qalabka birta ah.Ma ahayn ilaa bilowgii qarnigii 19-aad in aluminiumku noqday bir tartan ah oo loogu talagalay mashaariicda injineernimada, waxayna noqotay mid moodada ah in muddo ah.Horumarka saddexda silsiladood ee muhiimka ah ee warshadaha duulista, injineernimada iyo dhismaha, iyo baabuurtu waxay u baahan yihiin aluminium iyo aluminium, taas oo faa'iido weyn u leh soo saarista iyo isticmaalka birta-aluminium-ka cusub.
Ulaha aluminiumku waa nooc ka mid ah aluminium bir ah.Qurxinta ulaha aluminiumka waxaa ka mid ah dhalaalid, daawaynta sifaynta, ka saarista wasakhda, degeyska, ka saarista dharbaaxada iyo hababka been abuurka.Sida laga soo xigtay walxaha kiimikada ah ee ku jira ulaha aluminium, ulaha aluminiumka waxaa loo qaybin karaa 8 qaybood.
Sida laga soo xigtay walxaha kiimikada ah ee ku jira ulaha aluminium, ulaha aluminiumka waxaa loo qaybin karaa 8 qaybood, kuwaas oo loo qaybin karo 9 taxane ah:
1.1000 taxane aluminium ulaha wakiil 1050.1060.1100 taxane.Dhammaan alaabooyinka taxanaha ah, taxanaha 1000 ayaa iska leh taxanaha leh aluminiumka ugu weyn.Nadiifintu waxay gaari kartaa in ka badan 99.00%.Sababtoo ah ma jiraan waxyaabo kale oo farsamo, habka wax soo saarku waa mid fudud qiimuhuna waa kharash-ool ah.Waa badeecooyinka taxanaha ah ee inta badan loo isticmaalo warshadaha dhaqameed marxaladan.Inta badan qulqulka suuqa iibka waa taxanaha 1050 iyo 1060.1000 taxane aluminium ulaha ayaa go'aamiya waxa ugu yar aluminium ee taxanahan alaabada ku salaysan 2 ee ugu dambeeya.Tusaale ahaan, 2da ugu dambeysa ee tirinta alaabta 1050 ee taxanaha ah waa 50. Marka loo eego heerka meelaynta sawirka astaanta caalamiga ah, waxyaabaha aluminiumku waa inuu ka sarreeyaa 99.5%.Tilmaamaha heerka aluminium aluminium ee Shiinaha (GB/T3880-2006) ayaa sidoo kale si cad u qeexaya in 1050 aluminium ka kooban yahay 99.5%.Si la mid ah, nuxurka aluminium ee ulaha aluminium ee alaabooyinka taxanaha 1060 waa inay ka sarreeyaan 99.6%.
2.2000 taxane aluminium ulaha wakiil 2A16 (16) .2A02 (6).2000 oo ulo aluminium ah oo taxane ah ayaa leh awood sare iyo nuxurka ugu weyn ee naxaasta, qiyaastii 3-5%.2000 oo ulo aluminium taxane ah ayaa iska leh aluminium duulista, taas oo aan ku badnayn wax soo saarka warshadaha dhaqameed.
2024 waa qalab kaarboon bir ah oo aad u caadi ah oo ku jira alaabada taxanaha aluminium-naxaasta-magnesium.Waa daawaynta habka kulaylka daawaynta leh adkaanta sare, wax soo saarka fudud iyo processing, goynta laser fudud iyo iska caabin daxalka.
Astaamaha jireed ee ulaha aluminium 2024 ayaa si weyn loo hagaajiyay ka dib daaweynta kulaylka (T3, T4, T351).Xuduudaha gobolka T3 waa sida soo socota: xoogga cadaadiska 470MPa, xoogga xajinta 0.2% 325MPa, elongation: 10%, xadka daalka 105MPa, xoogga 120HB.
Baaxadda codsiga 2024 ulaha aluminium: qaab dhismeedka diyaaradda.BoltsGawaarida xamuulka qaada.Qaybaha dayuuradarada iyo qaybo kale.
3.3000 taxane alaabta aluminium ul wakiilka muhiimka ah 3003.3A21.Dalkayga, habka wax soo saarka ee ulaha aluminium ee 3000 ee alaabta taxanaha ah waa mid tayo sare leh.Ulaha aluminium ee taxanaha 3000 waxay inta badan ka kooban yihiin manganese.Waxyaabaha ku jira waxay ku yaalaan bartamaha 1.0-1.5, taas oo ah taxane ah alaabta daaweynta ka hortagga miridhku.
4. Qalabka aluminium ee 4000 ee taxanaha ah waxay u taagan yihiin 4A014000 taxane aluminium ah, kuwaas oo ka tirsan alaabooyinka taxanaha ah ee leh silikoon sare.Caadi ahaan waxa ku jira silikoonku waa inta u dhaxaysa 4.5-6.0%.Waxaa loo aaneynayaa dhismaha qalabka qurxinta, qaybaha farsamada, alaabta ceeriin ee been abuurka ah, alaabta alxanka;dhibic dhalaalaysa hoose, caabbinta daxalka wanaagsan, sharaxaad alaabta: caabbinta heerkulka sare iyo xidhashada caabbinta.
Ulaha aluminium ee 5.5000 ee taxanaha ah waxay matalaan taxanaha 5052.5005.5083.5A05.5000 oo ulo aluminium ah oo taxane ah ayaa iska leh alaabooyinka taxanaha aluminium aluminium ee caadiga ah, cunsurka ugu weyn waa magnesium, iyo nuxurka magnesium wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 3-5%.Sidoo kale loo yaqaan aluminium-magnesium alloy.Astaamaha ugu muhiimsan waa cufnaanta qaraabada hoose, xoogga cadaadiska sare iyo dhererka sare.Isla aagga, miisaanka saafiga ah ee aluminium-magnesium alloys wuu ka yar yahay kan taxanaha kale ee alaabooyinka, waxaana si weyn loogu isticmaalaa warshadaha dhaqameed.Shiinaha 5000 taxane usha aluminium waa mid ka mid ah alaabooyinka taxane usha aluminium dhamaystiran.
6.6000 taxane ulaha aluminium ka dhigan 6061.6063 muhiimka ah oo leh laba walxood oo magnesium iyo Silicon, kaas oo xooga saaraya faa'iidooyinka 4000 alaabta taxane iyo 5000 taxane.6061 waa aluminium aluminium ah oo qabow-xoog leh oo la been abuuray oo leh shuruudo sare oo iska caabbinta daxalka iyo dib-u-dhiska.Isticmaalka fudud ee wanaagsan, daahan ku habboon, iyo waxqabadka hab-socodka wanaagsan.
Saxanka aluminium 6061 waa inuu lahaadaa xoogaa cadaadis ah.Qaab dhismeedka warshadaha ee kala duwan, sida samaynta baabuurta xamuulka, dhismaha munaaradda, maraakiibta, taraamka, alaabta guriga, qaybaha mishiinada, mashiinada saxda ah, iwm.
6063 saxan aluminium ah.Injineerinka iyo aluminium profiles dhismaha (taxanahan alaabooyinka waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa daaqadaha aluminium alloy iyo albaabada), tuubooyinka waraabka iyo baabuurta.Goobaha golaha.Alaabta gurigaJidadka ilaalinta iyo alaabta ceeriin ee kale ee extrusion.
7.7000 aluminium taxane ah ayaa u taagan 7075 birta muhiimka ah.Waxa kale oo ay hoos timaadaa qoyska Airline ee alaabta.Waa aluminium, magnesium, zinc, daawaha naxaasta, daawaynta habka daaweynta kulaylka iyo daawaynta birta qalab super carbon.Waxay leedahay iska caabin xidhasho wanaagsan.Intooda badan waa la soo dhoofiyaa, waana in la horumariyaa habka wax soo saarka dalkeena.
8. 8000 oo ulo aluminium ah oo taxane ah ayaa aad u badan, 8011 ayaa iska leh alaabooyin kale oo taxane ah, oo inta badan loo isticmaalo aluminium platinum, soo saarista ulaha aluminiumku maaha mid caadi ah.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-23-2022